Division of the Department of Education Essay

The Cebu City Schools Division of the Department of Education (DepEd) is reminding public school canteens about the policy prohibiting the selling of junk food and softdrinks. According to the Education Program Supervisor Delia Kiamco, they are regularly monitoring public school canteens to ensure that they only sell nutritious food. Business and sanitary permits and other licenses are annually checked by DepEd to assure that the food sold in the canteen are clean and safe. Kiamco said that those who are managing canteens should always bear in mind that service and not profit is the main consideration in operating a school canteen. As provided for under DepEd Order 17, only nutrient-rich and fortified food shall be made available in school canteens. Processed fortified food should bear the ‘Sangkap Pinoy’ seal. Among beverages, only milk, vegetable and fruit shakes and juices are allowed. Kiamco said that in order to curb the malnutrition problem among school children, selling of soft drinks and other carbonated drinks, sugar-based synthetic or artificially flavored juices and junk food are prohibited since these are detrimental to children’s health. DepEd also prohibits the use of mono sodium glutamate or vetsin in food. Only iodized salt should be used to help eliminate the iodine deficiency disorder among school children. School canteen operators are required to post their menu indicating nutritional value on a bulletin board within the school canteen premises. Label dilemma However, Kiamco said that because almost all junk food brands in the market have the â€Å"Sangkap Pinoy† and Fortified seal some canteens justify their sale. â€Å"Sometimes, canteen operators are after money making. We are strongly implementing the food service teachers from selling softdrinks and junk food,† Kiamco said. Kiamco said that they will hold another meeting to decide what action to take on food products with Sangkap Pinoy and Fortified labels. She is asking the public to report to DepEd if there are any public school canteens that still sell prohibited food and drinks. DedEd is also having problems with those selling junk food outside school campuses. â€Å"We cannot do anything against these vendors outside the schools except to remind students not to patronize them,† said Kiamco. /Christine Emily L. Pantaleon, Correspondent

Unilever

The In practice structure was having too much reliant on primary sales and relations with trade and coverage was not extensive to deliver the desired results. A new distribution structure was needed. Ha launched a project which was named ‘FERREIRA' (taken from the brand of car which symbolizes for outstanding performance with fastest speed, premium image). Hash's Background Muscular Hal joined Milliner In 1983 In Its Research Department. Alumni of Boston university, Hal was fortunate to move into new assignments after every three to four years. Hash's real success came as Marketing Manager and she was posted to theHeadquarters in detergents coordination for East Asia Pacific and Africa/Middle East region. Her exposure of more than 30 countries improved her strategic thinking. Hash's strength was her unwavering focus, determined attitude and high level of energy. On these strengths Ha was made chairman PULP In 2001 to add vitality to the untapped potential of Pakistan. Disposabl e Income In Pakistan economy was Increasing as political conditions Improved and economy showed vibrancy. Scenario at Milliner Pakistan PULP was going through post merger synergy after the acquisition of Polka and Orphan Best Foods (REF).Ha and her team with their vision started off by analyzing the industry and emerging markets. They found out that new Innovation levels were needed. Previously companies were able to achieve global leadership by acquisitions and concentration on core brands and categories. Also further cost cutting was not possible from global purchasing and growth cannot be fueled solely from centralized supply chain or information technology. This case was written by Zinnia Khan under the supervision of Mr.. Keelhaul Named, Faculty CB as the basis for class discussion rather to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative issue.For confidentially reasons dates, figures & some facts have been hypothesized but without distorting the learn ing on processes. The consumer industry in the emerging markets needed the local touch. The success formula required innovation in value creation and service levels. PULP with the help of Malaysia, Bangladesh and Brazil. They concluded that companies which lacked service levels could not achieve the success they had aimed at. Also only innovations in the service levels to the retailers and customers increased returns for the companies.Hence, the distribution model had to be redesigned and its structure was studied in four domains namely: 1 Geographic Distribution 2 Distributor Operations 3 Sales Hierarchy, and 4 Sales Monitoring System and Reporting. Company Background PULP formerly Lever Brothers Pakistan Limited was established in Pakistan in 1958. The town of Ihram Khan was the site chosen for setting up a vegetable oil factory. Milliner Pakistan is the largest FMC company in Pakistan as well as one of the largest multinationals operating in the country now operating with six fac tories located at different locations around the country.Its head office was shifted to Karachi from Ihram Khan in mid ass's. Business Areas Restructuring and consolidating activities at Milliner includes the decision to sell or withdraw many brands and concentrate on those with the biggest potential. Restructuring created the following core business areas: 1 Home and Personal Care 2 Foods 3 Beverages 4 Ice Creams 5 Best Foods Meeting every day needs of nutrition, hygiene and personal care Milliner has the following distribution of share in its product portfolio: Home Care Personal care Ice cream Beverages Spreads Savory & Dressing 26 16 8 11 100% 2 MissionLeading consumer Product Company in Pakistan, a multinational with deeps roots in the country. Attract and develop highly talented people to empower double digit growth Serve the everyday needs for foods, hygiene and beauty of all consumers Produce breakthrough innovation in brands and channel Managing responsive supply chain maxi mize value from suppliers to customers Exemplary through commitment to business ethics, safety, health, environment and involvement in the community Conventional System of Sales & Distribution Conventional system of distribution of sales in the company was focused primarily awards urban market.The growing rural and suburban markets were being ignored in terms of needed attention to get improved results. Primary sales and quantitative achievements were the key objectives and accountability in the sales team. Geographic distribution Pakistan was divided into three regions namely, Karachi, Lahore city and Islamabad. Karachi region covered Karachi, Hydrated, few cities of Shins rural, Lower Punjab e. G. , Umlaut and Coastal belt and parts of Balloonists province. Karachi contributed 25% in the overall sales and 20% of the coverage was done by Karachi.Karachi region had 82 distributors to manage. Most distributors were sole distributors of Milliner and credit was given to these distribut ors. Lahore city covered Lahore and nearby towns. Lahore had the biggest potential in terms of sales. The population was concentrated and dense. Lahore had 34 distributors to manage. Islamabad region had a vast area to cover but had less potential as compared to Lahore. It covered Islamabad, NFW and northern cities of Punjab. It had 57 Sales Hierarchy Sales hierarchy consisted of Director C&CD, National Sales Manager (NSA), threeRegional Sales Managers, 20 Area Managers and 45 Field Managers. Field Managers used to report to their Area Managers. Field Managers looked after corporate business which means managing all categories. In the urban cities, Field Managers had only one distributor under its control. However, in the rural towns one Field Manager used to look after 13, 15 or even 22 distributors at one point in time. Field Manager's responsibility was to verify distributor's redistribution claims. Administrative and commercial documentation was heavy in his Job description. Eve n at times Field 3

Product evaluation on bluetooth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Product evaluation on bluetooth - Essay Example The name Bluetooth is borrowed from Harald Bluetooth, a king in Denmark more than 1,000 years ago† (Mitchell par. 1). The aim of the current discourse is to provide a product evaluation of Bluetooth through identifying its uses, benefits, costs, and other relevant concerns that users must be aware of. Bluetooth is deemed to be designed for the purpose of providing a cheap and secure tool to connect and exchange various information between the abovementioned devices without the need for connections or wires. As disclosed by the FileSaveAs.com site, Bluetooth could be used for the following endeavors: â€Å"sending photos from your mobile, exchanging business cards, sending voice from a headset to a mobile phone, and real-time satellite navigation using GPS† (FileSaveAs par. 3). Due to the wireless capabilities of Bluetooth, one of its evident advantages is that it is less messy, easy to apply and access, and is also a cheap tool for exchanging various kinds of information from diverse technological devices. Likewise, it was also apparent that it requires low power and exemplifies low interferences. In addition, there are different options of connectivity to enable the users to apply to the devices of their personal or professional choice. Despite the apparent advantages, Bluetooth technology has also been reported to manifest the following disadvantages: (1) use of the same frequency as of the Wavelan standard; (2) in cases of presence of multiple users attempting exchange of information using the same technology, there is a need for the recipient to screen and indicate the acceptable source; (3) it was reported to include diverse security mechanisms to prevent violations of privacy and confidentiality (Neamo). In fact, there were reported security breaches and concerns regarding Bluetooth that were revealed, to wit: bluejacking; calls being overheard; identification of similar devices in

Convergence Culture Argumentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Convergence Culture Argumentation - Essay Example A mobile phone is an example of technology convergence since it can perform different tasks; play music, take photos and videos, make calls among others. Economic convergence is the merging of old business idea such as marketing in business ideas that deal with the new generation goods and services while cultural convergence is when the audience becomes the user (Junkins 200). The emergence of the media convergence has given the audience capacity to store, edit, improve and recalculate media content. This is an outcome of the current trends in new generation media which has such features like download, edit play, watch, and upload share among others. This features give the audience unlimited capacity to modify media products and take them back to the same market as if they were originals. The consumer is therefore gaining more control over the flow o f media products. Global convergence occurs due to international circulation of media products such as music and film content (Junkins 200). This has further been reinforced by the development of social media platforms such as chat, face book, Skype, Google+ among others which make the circulation of media products very easy Is convergence culture good for society? I am for the concept of cultural convergence and global convergences (Junkins 200). I believe that cultural convergence is good for the society since its benefit greatly out weighs the negative of this trend. Benefits of cultural convergence It has made communication easier by development of new media gadgets that can perform multiple tasks eliminating the need to have several bulky media items. The new models are precise, efficient and portable. This means that there is the flexibility of accessing the media item even on the move, or attending to other tasks. Cultural convergence has made the global market be more competitive hence initiating creativity and diversity to compete fairly in the market (Junkins 200). Media produces have to learn how to keep up with the tremendous flow of media content through the delivery channels to increase revenue, broaden the market and motivate consumer commitment. This culture has brought about new trends in socialization making it dynamic (Junkins 200). It has reduced the social barriers and bridged geographical barriers making it possible for people in different regions to access each other just by the click of a button. It has created a platform where media products can be improved and shared with much ease hence reducing cost of production. There is increased interaction between the producer and consumer of the media production. This gives a channel to get the market feedback on such key areas such as market trends. Consumer need and response your products get in the market. This guides in quality improvement and modification. Accessing media content has also been simplified. The consumer is greatly earning the ability to control the media product they consume, store, discard or modify. Actu ally there are renowned artists who are thriving out of this creativity (Junkins 200). Although some, may refer to their work as not being original. These artists put in some ideas and creativity to come up with the improved product that is commonly referred to as a remix. Usually the source of idea is appreciated. What these artists bring in is the new perspective to interpret

Measurements of Unemployment and Inflation Essay

Measurements of Unemployment and Inflation - Essay Example The output and the productivity of a business organization are significantly dependent on the employment as well as unemployment rates. This is because of Productivity = Output/Employment and therefore, Employment = Output/Productivity. Hence, it can be stated that the productivity of a business organization is directly proportional to employment. Therefore, it is quite important for the organizations to measure the unemployment rates in order to determine their productivity. These measurements further facilitate the organizations to prepare for the fluctuations that generally take place in the economy (Blanchard, Solow, & Wilson, 2012). Apart from unemployment, the business organizations need to measure the inflation as well. This is because of the reason that consumers’ spending and investment activities are chiefly dependent upon the rate of inflation. A high inflation rate discourages the investors and consequently reduces the amount of investment in the economy. Moreover, high inflation rates are likely to reduce the return on investment and further can result in a downfall in terms of demand in the economy. These reasons make it quite imperative for the management of an organization to carry out timely measurements of the inflation rates (National Grid for Learning, 2009). Furthermore, it is quite essential for business organizations to manipulate the price of their goods which is likely to be valuable when there is a high inflation rate in the economy. Re-pricing is a quite expensive process and in order to avoid frequent re-pricing of the products, the management of the organizations needs to measure the inflation rates. In addition, inflation causes the prices of the raw materials to grow high as well as the prices of other components to rise. These factors compel the business organizations to explore for contemptible raw materials and subsequently increase the cost for the organization. Owing to this, the management of the business needs to mea sure the inflation rate to minimize these costs. Moreover, with an increase in inflation rates, the business organizations face the demands for increasing the wage rates. This further leads to negotiation activities with the employees as well as the labor unions causing chaos in the management system. Therefore, in order to mitigate these threats, the management of the organizations are required to measure the inflation rates (National Grid for Learning, 2009). 2. What Analyses Might A Manager Do To Learn More About A Specific Company Or Industry? In order to learn more about a specific company or industry, a manager can carry out various analysis strategies such as the value chain analysis, Porter’s five forces’ model analysis, and SWOT analysis among others.

The paper is about the minimum wage Why should the minimum wage be Essay

The paper is about the minimum wage Why should the minimum wage be increased - Essay Example The wave of technological advancements and climate of modernity has given money a different value piling pressure on people to find ways of achieving financial solace and offering labour to industries and has been one of the many actions that people have indulged in especially in UK. People get into the workforce with expectations of earning some money that can support and sustain them. Although minimum wage rates were initially meant for teenagers who offered simple services for low payments, the poor wages have progressed up to today. In 2011, approximately four million American workers sweated for less than seven dollars an hour (Risher, 2013:7). This shocking statistics has brought up several arguments about whether the governments should consider raising the compensation a little bit higher so that citizens working in the ‘employed’ sectors can take home some wages that are worth their toils. Thesis Statement: Increasing minimum wage will bring many benefits not onl y to workers but also to the whole economy. Marx (2007:21) describes minimum wage as the lowest compensation that a labourer gets from their employer on hourly, daily or weekly basis for their informal services that they offer. Wages are compensations paid to unskilled labourers for the manual labour that they offer to their employers. For example, a nanny who baby sits a child when the parents are away can be paid daily once they are done with their jobs. The amount paid may be calculated based on the number of hours that they took with the baby and offered their services. In most states ad nations, there clearly stipulated guidelines that safeguards the lowest compensations that a worker can get. For example in the UK, anyone who is above 21 years is supposed to be paid a minimum wage of  £6.5 (As of 2014 official rates). Other countries also have their limited wages that the employers cannot go below. In a nutshell,

Brown Fields Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Brown Fields - Essay Example The Brownfield Program by the EPA was put in practice 1995. It has grown into a results-oriented program which has changed the way contaminated property is often taken to be. The Program was intended to empower communities, states, and other stakeholders in redevelopment of the economy to work together in an appropriate manner in order to assess, prevent, sustainably reuse, and safely clean up Brownfields (EPA). The Brownfields Program offers monetary and technical backing for activities in Brownfields through approaches that are based on four major goals. One goal is to protect the environment and address Brownfields in order to sustain safety. The second goal is to promote partnerships, enhance partnership and communication important to ease cleanup and reuse of Brownfields. Thirdly, the program aims to strengthen the marketplace, provide monetary and technical support to boost the private market. Finally, they program aims at sustaining the reuse and redevelopment of Brownfields to improve communities’ long-term quality of living (EPA). It is projected that there are over 450,000 Brownfields within the U.S (EPA). Reinvesting in these Brownfields and Cleaning up the properties increases home and neighboring tax bases, aids growth of jobs, makes use of existing infrastructure, takes off development pressures, and also protects and improves the environment (Hersh, Morley and Schwab). At first, EPA offered little amounts of money to the local governments that started many two-year Brownfield steering projects. The Brownfields Law has extended EPAs support by offering new tools for the private and public segments so as to encourage sustainable cleanup and reuse of Brownfields. There are a number of Brownfields grants that serve as the basis of Brownfields Program by the EPA (Hersh, Morley and Schwab). The grants support recovery efforts by backing environmental assessments, clean-up, and training activities for

African American Adolescents Future Education Orientation Essay - 13

African American Adolescents Future Education Orientation - Essay Example In the articles that have been presented, it is clear that the authors have used Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory to assess the students and the plan are based on this assessment. In the article of Utah’s School counseling, the authors have included some essential elements like the demographic information like sex, race, creed and other relevant information based on which the authors have suggested a plan based on the explanation provided by Krumboltz. The goals that have been set down in the paper are based on the acquisition of self-knowledge and the required skills for negotiating in a world where the level of uncertainty is always high. The decision made in this article also highlights the need that people tend to make poor decisions if the learning opportunity is presented to them, and it is essential to explain the importance of the decision making by career counseling. The article has also highlighted that the Utah schools have adopted counseling where the stud ents to counselor ration should account for 350: 1. However, in the schools of Utah, the schools tend to only use the counselors for specific counseling activities and not for any other activities (Bitner, -Stevenson and Burnham). This allows more effectiveness and concentration of the counselors on the student needs and requirements. A similar situation for a more specific group of students has been presented in the other article. Here again the authors have taken into account the various aspect like race, creed, age and sex of the students and planned a career development plan in an appropriate manner to assist these student develop and have also included an essential factor of the perceived parental support as well (Kerpelman, Eryigit and Stephens).

Fitness Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fitness Plan - Assignment Example Walking, dancing and swimming are examples. Walking is perhaps the most convenient and has the same benefits as the other more vigorous forms of exercise. The cardiovascular system is dependent upon the exercise one does in a day. In order to improve it one has to walk 3 to 4 times a week for at least 20 to 30 minutes. The walk should make one breath hard but not gasp for breath. In order to lose weight, a minimum 5 days of exercise for 30 minutes, at a brisk pace is required. For reaping general health benefits, 30 minutes a day of exercise (at least 4 days a week), at a comfortable pace is recommended. Warm up exercises are necessary as they cause vasodilation of the blood vessels, ensuring that muscles are well-supplied with oxygen, pliable and flexible. The heart rate also increases, and this prepares the body for a more rigorous exercise. The burning of calories is also more efficient. In order to warm up before walking, walk slowly or march for 5 to 10 minutes until breathing becomes quicker and one starts to feel warm. Cooling down is just as important, as it prevents the heart rate and blood pressure from falling too rapidly, thus preventing light-headedness. Additionally, it removes waste products, lactic acid for instance, and improves flexibility. It is thus beneficial to gradually decrease one’s speed (for 5 to 10 minutes towards the end), rather than halting abruptly. Following this, one should carry out a brief stretching routine (10 minutes). Adults need 7 to 9 hours of uninterrupted sleep at night for optimal mental function and prevent daytime napping. A lack of sleep can undermine one’s ability to deal with stress and lead to health problems. In order to follow a perfect fitness plan the diet of a person is also very important. The diet should be composed of fruits, vegetables, grains and milk that are free of fat. Products that have less cholesterol

Web Sites. The Web development methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Web Sites. The Web development methods - Essay Example As Taylor writes, "Over the years, web sites have become quite a phenomenal and developers are developing web sites using an ad hoc approach, which is causing problems. Developing efficient web sites requires meeting user needs by producing high quality web sites. One way of solving the problems developers are having is by developing a web development process for developers to use." (Taylor, n.d.)The web development methods include a process that describes the steps to follow during development of web sites. The web site development process is driven by use cases that are created based on user requirements, that's why it's so important to build up comprehensive user requirements. As Tran writes, "Requirements and specifications are very important components in the development of any embedded system. Requirements analysis is the first step in the system design process, where a user's requirements should be clarified and documented to generate the corresponding specifications." (Tran, 1999)According to Kaner et al. cited in Sisson (2002), "A requirement is an objective that must be met. Planners cast most requirements in functional terms, leaving design and implementation details to the developers. They may specify price, performance, and reliability objectives in fine detail, along with some aspects of the user interface. Sometimes, they describe their objectives more precisely than realistically." Website projects are usually done on tight schedules, with limited resources, and without a well-defined approach for achieving usability. For many developers it's easy to dismiss usability methods as an unnecessary overhead cost. But usability methods can be integrated efficiently and effectively into each stage of the website design process. Employing this process, and by using forms, checklists, and other tools to improve communication and workflow, website projects can be managed successfully achieving a highly-usable product. (Gergle, Brinck, Wood 1999) One very useful technique for implementing usable website requirements described by Rhodes (2006) is Pareto Principle. He writes, "Usability provides another benefit to product teams. It is very likely that you have one or more people on the team who live and die by the Pareto Principle. Everything is defined in terms of the 80/20 rule, where the majority of issues seem to stem from a small fraction of items. Similarly, most of the value seems to come from just a few features or functions." Various literature (Bolchini and Randazzo 2005; Tran, 1999; Cockburn, 2000; Courage, Baxter, 2004; Lauesen, 2002) mention 3 phases of user requirements life-cycle in web site development: Requirements Identification, Requirements Analysis and Requirements Definition/Specification. Requirements Identification Requirements Identification is the requirements engineering task during which raw new potential requirements are identified. The typical responsibilities of Requirements Identification are to: Identify the desires, potential needs, and expectations of the application's stakeholders. Transform these desires, potential needs and expectations into potential new raw (unanalyzed) requirements. (Cockburn, 2000; Lauesen, 2002) Requirements identification typically involves the requirements team performing the following steps: Identify possible sources of requirements, such as stakeholders, experts, reusable requirements and requirements specifications, documentation, etc. Interview customer representatives, user representatives, domain experts, marketing personnel, and user support agents. Observe representative users at work. Informally identify and capture the resulting potential requirements. (Cockburn, 2000; Lauesen, 2002) Requirements identification for website development can typically be performed using the following techniques: Website Studies. Reverse engineer requirements from legacy websites, competing websites, similar websites, and website databases. Textual analysis of websites (e.g., noun/verb for object/operation, shall/must/will for

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper Essay Example for Free

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper Essay Lifespan Development Paper When studying the Lifespan Developmental stages throughout Chapter 1 of our textbook, I began to realize that I have traveled down some of the same common paths as my personal idols. Although most were dead long before I was ever conceived, I find it rather fascinating. The textbook states that Lifespan perspective is defined as lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual, and as a process that involves growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss. The human life expectancy has truly surpassed all other living animals from a house mouse that has a life span of a measly 3 years, to an Indian elephant that can live to be 70 years. Jeanne Calmet, who was the oldest living person, was born in Arles, France was born February 21, 1875 and died August 4, 1997. She was 122 years and 164 days old at the time of her death. Although most would love to live as long of life as Mrs. Calmet, that is somewhat unrealistic. The average life expectancy for people living within the United States of America is 78 years of age. That is a humungous leap from the average life expectancy of a man who lived during the Pre-historic which was the early age of 18. People go through many different changes as the world is ever changing. There are three different types of influences which include: 1) normative age-graded influences, 2) normative history-graded influences, and 3) nonnormative or highly individualized life events. Examples of normative age-graded influences are things that people of the same age go through together. Let’s take my twin sister and me as an example. At the early age of 1, we both began walking with 2 weeks of one another. Although not at the same time, we both were starting our menstrual cycles both at the age of 11 years old. In life we will experience menopause around the same time, and possibly even retirement within a short time between each other. Examples of normative history-graded influences would be people who have experienced history changing events with one another. How about two mothers who may live on the opposite sides of the United States, but both lost children as a result to fighting over in Afghanistan. They will never know one another but they will have a similar bond because they went through a similar event. Another would be the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Even I will never forget where I was and what I was doing on that fateful day. Lastly, examples of nonnormative or highly individualized life events could be anything from hitting it rich with the lottery, to an unexpected, devastating event like Hurricane Katrina. It may not have happened to all of us, but it influenced us all in different ways. When I began reading the part in Chapter 1 that was titled, â€Å"Women’s Struggle for Equality: An International Journey†, I was truly astonished by the figures. It is sad when I look around my neighborhood, and think that one in every six of these homes, a person is/was abused by their partner. Last weekend, my 10 year old son and I witnessed physical abuse as a girl was being drug as she was attempting to get into the passenger side of a vehicle while at our local Burger King. Then the teenage boyfriend began slapping her. My son and I were panicking to help this young girl whom we didn’t even know. I immediately called 9-1-1 and reported it to the authorities. The police arrived before we even left the parking lot, and I pray that this girl knows her worth in life, and realizes that she deserves better than that. The story in our textbook about Doly Akter, who is only 17 years of age and has lived her life in the slums of Bangladesh, is stepping out to do her part to help make her community a better one. She has created a club that is sponsored by UNICEF and goes door to door to monitor the hygiene and health of her neighbors. With her help, along with others that are a part of this phenomenal club, they are already seeing a major improvement in people’s health and hygiene. To make this story even better, she is talking to parents of girls to explain that arranged child marriages are not always in the best interest of these young ladies and staying in school will improve the lives of these girls. Health care in America has done amazing things for their citizens but still has a long way to go. I don’t want to imagine that when I become older, I only have a 52% chance of receiving the recommended proper care to treat something as important as heart disease. Along with the government regulated Medicare, and improper care for the millions of senior citizens in the United States, I can only hope that it gets better and fast to help these people. With the (2) factors that show that today’s senior citizens need our help more know that decades earlier, it should be our duty and privilege to help them. Going to your local Senior living facility and seeing the many, who have no spouses still living, or no family to talk to, they are forced to go through their later part of life, not really communicating with others.

Hybrid cars Essay Example for Free

Hybrid cars Essay Hybrid 1 Outline I. Introduction A. Gas prices are up, the environment is suffering, and Americas are fearful of relying too much on foreign oil. Are hybrid cars the answer? II. What a hybrid car is A. Description of a hybrid car B. The two types of a hybrid 1. Parallel 2. Series III. Advantages of a Hybrid car A. Environment 1. Carbon Dioxide 2. Global Warming 3. Effect on the human body B. National 1. Discussion on foreign oil 2. What America can do to reduce our dependence C. Federal 1. Tax Deductions on National level 2. Local incentives D. Mileage Hybrid 3 1. Why hybrids get more mileage 2. Calculator on my own car IV. Disadvantages A. Price V. Conclusion With all the advantages that hybrids have to offer, it’s something a new car consumer should seriously consider. One person can make a difference! Hybrid 4 Gas prices are up 23% from a year ago and global warming is a constant fear of scientists and people alike. What then can one person do to help the current situation of gas and pollution? Buy a hybrid car! Hybrid sales have doubled in the past year and according to J. D. Power and Associates, hybrid sale should hit 200,000 in 2005. Within 20 years, Toyota’s top guy in the U. S. , Jim Press, thinks almost every car on the market is going to be a hybrid. So what exactly is a hybrid car and what are all the things a consumer should look for when buying one? Here are some specifics; the good and the bad. A vehicle is considered hybrid is the source of power comes from two sources. A hybrid car combines gasoline and electric power. The car has a normal gas tank, but also a set of batteries. The batteries are recharged every time the person drives the car so there is no need to plug it in like very old, original electric cars. Instead of having just a transmission, the batteries provide electricity to an electric motor which then turns the transmission. There are two different types of hybrid cars. One is a parallel hybrid. This has a fuel tank and batteries and both the engine and batteries turn the transmission over at the same time. Both the electric motor and gas engine can provide power. The other is a Series hybrid, which has a generator. Gas turns the generator and that can either charge the batteries or power the motor. The gas engine never actually powers the car. The electric motor of a hybrid car is very sophisticated. It works as a motor and generator and draws energy from the batteries. The batteries store energy for the car and the motor can either draw energy from them or recharge them. Hybrid 5 So what are some advantages of owning a hybrid vehicle? This is going to look at environmental, national, federal, and economic advantages of having one. First is environmental. â€Å"A car that burns twice as much gas to go a mile will generate approximately twice as much pollution. † (Nice, Karim. ) A gallon of gas weighs about 6 pounds and when it’s burned off it produces almost 20 pounds of carbon dioxide. In the U. S. alone, cars and trucks consume 8. 2 million barrels of oil EACH DAY which calculates to over 300 million tons of carbon each year. This is the largest part of carbon dioxide emissions, even more then factories and homes. If cars and trucks improved by just 5 mpg, Americans could save 1. 5 million barrels of oil a day or 55 million tons of carbon a day. Decreasing fuel consumption therefore reduces emissions. There is also carbon dioxide that cars release into the air and that scientists believe contribute to global warming. Again, twice as much gas leads to twice as much carbon dioxide. If saving the environment still sounds like something too big for one person and one at a time, here is a more personal thing to consider, the effect that vehicle air pollution has on the human body. It can cause problems such as decreases in lung capacity, acute respiratory problems, reduces the release of oxygen to body tissue, contributes to birth defects low birth weight, infant death, and makes otherwise healthy kids 3 to 4 times more likely to develop asthma. There are also concerns on the national level. Even though our consumption of oil is ever increasing, our production of oil has gone down since the 1970’s. For most of the 20th century, we made so much oil that we had enough left over for export. But now Hybrid 6 America relies on imported oil. â€Å"In 2001, imported oil accounted for 55% of US consumption; this figure is projected to rise to 70% by 2020. † (http://www. hybridcars. com. ) Nearly two-thirds, or 80%, of the world’s known oil reserves are under just six Persian Gulf nations: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Iran and Qatar. This forces the U. S. military to stay in foreign bases to oversee our free excess to oil, it arouses hostility from those in these countries who have anti-American feelings, and the production of oil in these countries only benefit world super-powers and make the rich richer and the poor poorer leading to more hostile feelings toward America. Some also go so far as to say us paying these countries for oil is providing terrorists with great sums of wealth, which they use for organized anti-American endeavors such as the plane high-jackings of September 11th. Ever since September 11th, Americans are leery of relying on gulf countries for our oil supply because rely is exactly what we do. The gas prices we pay reflect what other countries charge for their barrels of oil. Increasing efficiency of cars and trucks can play a role in reducing our dependency on foreign oil. By raising fuel efficiency by just 2. 7 mpg, Americans can save enough to extinct all oil imports from Iraq and Kuwait combined. By raising it 7. 6 mpg, Americans could eliminate 100% gulf oil imports! And, in President Bush’s energy bill proposal, he said he wants to use empty military bases as oil refineries in order to increase our supply, but instead of relying on government, individuals can really impact our part in buying foreign oil by getting better gas mileage and basically using less. Hybrid 7 There are also the federal level incentives the think about when buying a hybrid vehicle. The Clean-Fuel Vehicle Deduction tax break was given during this season. People who bought a hybrid in 2004/05 could claim up to a $2000 deduction when they do their taxes. In 2005/06, it’s scheduled to drop to $500, but if a new energy bill passes the number will go back up. There are also local incentives to buying a hybrid. If a person bought one in San Jose, CA, they are exempt from local parking fees. Colorado offers a tax credit. Connecticut exempts the sales tax on a hybrid meeting certain requirements. In Florida and Georgia people who have hybrids can use the high occupancy lanes at any time of the day and no matter how many people are in the car. And Illinois has a program called The Illinois Alternate Fuels Rebate Program which pays 80% or up to $4000 to convert your vehicle to an alternate fuel system. On to mileage. This is a big one that car consumers are looking at today. Instead of getting the average 15 to 26 mpg, a hybrid can get anywhere from 50 to 60 mpg! That’s a huge difference! This is achieved because hybrid vehicles convert energy that is normally wasted when a person coasts and breaks into electricity, which is then stored into the batteries until needed by the motor. The motor is also used to assist the engine when going up hills or when the car is driving in low speeds. Low speeds, like city driving are the least efficient fuel conditions. Some hybrids also automatically shut off the engine when the car comes to a stop preserving the fuel and energy. Some websites have online calculators that measure your own car up against a hybrid of your choice. I used one to measure my own car and got these results. If a person typically drives 10,000 miles a year and pay the national average of $2. 10 per gallon and gets 23 miles per Hybrid 8 gallon, this is what a person would save if they had a hybrid: 235 gallons of gas, 4,696 pounds of carbon dioxide, and $493 a year. (Stern, Linda. ) For this online calculator, I used http://www. hybridcars. com/calculator/index. php to compare my car with a new Lexus RX, which is a hybrid vehicle similar to my own. This website allows you to put in what make and model your car is and compare it to any hybrid vehicle to see the difference in consumption and cost. Hybrid 9 So are there really any downsides to owning a Hybrid? Almost every car review only state one flaw, and that’s the price. A 2005 Ford Escape Hybrid base cost $27,560. The Toyota Highlander Hybrid with four-wheel drive costs $39,290. And the most popular, Toyota Prius, cost around $27,000. The sophisticated computer control that makes everything work in these cars makes is what makes them expensive, at least more expensive then their non-electric counterparts. Also hybrid owners complain that they don’t actually get the mileage they are supposed to but that can be said for every car since too many factors go into affecting your mileage per gallon. With all the advantages such as helping the environment and saving ourselves from being so dependant on foreign oil, not to mention helping our health and our own personal wealth, most feel the added price of a hybrid vehicle is not something to hard to overcome. New car consumers should seriously look into whether a hybrid car is the right choice for them because this really is something that individuals can do to better our world. Hybrid 10. Bibliography Nice, Kerry.â€Å"How Hybrid Cars Work. † How Stuff Works. 1998-2005. http://auto. howstuffworks. com/hybrid-car. htm. Newman, Richard J. â€Å"Invasion of the Green Machines. † U. S. News and World Report. V138 (May 9, 2005) pg. 48-54. Stern, Linda. â€Å"Money: Is a Hybrid Worth It? † Newsweek. April 4, 2005. Berman, Bradley. 2003-2005. http://www. hybridcars. com/. No Author. â€Å"Spotlight: What’s a Hybrid Car? † CARE2 Make a Difference. 2005. http://www. care2. com/channels/ecoinfo/hybrid.

Affective And Cognitive Impulse Buying Behaviour Psychology Essay

Affective And Cognitive Impulse Buying Behaviour Psychology Essay Unplanned purchasing has been concerned by many companies as one of the most important factor which could have a big pact on customers decision making and this later contribute to their sale volume. Therefore, marketing strategies have been adjusted based on consumers preferences to grasp their attention and induce them to buy impulsively. As there were some contradictories about differences of genders associated with impulse buying behaviour, this research hence compares the affective and cognitive impulse buying behaviour on male and female at INTO pre-sessional course. A total of 20 students from Pre-sessional course were selected as sample, divided to be 10 males and 10 females. The students were asked to complete the questionnaire, which was designed to be anonymous in order to allow them to be as honest as possible in providing the actual information. The significant findings showed that both genders are susceptible to impulse buying, however, female seemed to be more affective in buying, while male tended to be more deliberative. Another remarkable point was also found that their most preference product categories could lead them to frequency of spontaneous purchasing. As the results indicate that impulse buying plays vital role on consumer, the paper concludes that further research could attempt to investigate if this behaviour could become compulsory in the future. World industries currently have moved from mass marketing strategy to penetrate in specific market segmentation (Coley and Burgess, 2003) as marketers have noticed that unplanned purchasing behaviour could have an impact on decision making of consumers which later contribute to their sale volume (Assael, 1995; Clover, 1950). As Assael (1995) and Kollat and Willett (1969) point out, supermarket, store, and retailer have been concerned to be the place where associated with consumer the most, therefore the price, promotion, shelf-position, packaging, and even store-displays become more important in grasping attention from customers. Stern (1962) defines unplanned buying as the general term of impulse buying occurred when a shopper experiences a sudden urge purchasing that he or she has not planned in advance, which is related to the process of affective and cognitive responds. Affective is emotional buying or sense making (Wilson and Gilbert, 2005), in the contrary, cognitive is perceptual component which using awareness to measure before making decision (Day, 1972). While several studies have explored the characteristics and important of buying impulsively, there are only a few studies which have focused on male and female behaviour and comparing these significant factors on their gender differences. Some researchers (e.g. Kollat and Willett, 1967) suggest that both men and women have the same degree in being effected by unplanned buying; however, there has been contradictory finding that women are more susceptible to spontaneous purchasing (e.g. Coley and Burgess, 2003). Therefore the purpose of this project i s to compare the cognitive and affective impulse buying behaviour in male and female students of the INTO Newcastle University 2012 Pre-sessional Course. Hopefully that a comparison of these two groups will expose the degrees in which male and female differ in their susceptibility and conditions lead to unplanned purchasing. This may help the students to understand their characteristics which could contribute them to impulse buying and to let them consider more before making a purchase in order to avoid being stated in money tension. Primary information will be gathered from twenty students at Pre-sessional Course. The size of samples will be equal in order to allow a comparison between both groups. Both closed and open questions will be applied to achieve the aim and for the students to express more ideas and provide useful details. Methodology The aim of this project attempted to compare the affective and cognitive impulse buying behaviour on gender differences. As number of researchers have suggested that women are more susceptible to buy impulsively (Coley and Burgess, 2003), therefore, it was decided to compare buying behaviours of male and female, furthermore, this impulsive buying is likely to rise in youth (Coley and Burgess, 2003 cited in Retail World, 2002), students from Pre-sessional course, hence, were considered to be appropriate sample. The students were divided into two groups based on their genders and in order to obtain accurate result of the comparison between these two groups, the size of each group would be equal. There actually should be a very large sample to gather certain and desirable results. However, it was not possible to collect all data due to time restriction. Twenty students from pre-sessional course hence became the largest accessible sample which could be obtained. A written questionnaire w as applied to execute the primary data during the fourth week of pre-sessional program. According to previous study, Coley and Burgess (2003) selected Affective and Cognitive process components which have been successfully developed and used by Beatty and Ferrell (1998). It was decided that the questions should be adapted and followed from previous research in order to allow the comparison with previous findings, therefore these components were used to create multi-item scales divided to be affective components which are irresistible urge to buy, positive buying emotions, and mood management and cognitive components which contain measurements of cognitive deliberation and unplanned buying (Coley and Burgess, 2003: 288) The students were asked to provide their general information about income and shopping frequency, and then rate the level from strongly agree (4) to strongly disagree (0) in responding to the items on the table. In additions, various types of product categories were provided and required students to choose top three they preferred the most, this helped indicated style preferences of male and female which could lead them to buying impulsively. An other category and open question were also included for the student to provide more details. In order to allow the respondents to be as honest as possible, questionnaire was designed to be anonymous. The first question requested students to specify their genders as this would be correlated with the requirement of data collection. Results Part 1: Personal Information Q1. Gender Male: 10 Students Female: 10 Students Q2. Approximate personal income per month Income per Month Male Female  £500  £1000 7 7  £1001  £1500 2 2 more than  £1500 1 1 Q3. How often do you do shopping in a month? Frequency Male Female Once in a month 0 0 Twice in a month 4 2 Three five times in a month 3 5 more than five times in a month 3 3 Part 2: Consumers expression on impulse buying Q4. Please tick à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ to the level which explains your shopping style best Figure 1: Comparing Student Attitudes towards Affective Buying Behaviour Source: adaptation from Amanda Coley and Brigitte Burgess Coley, A. (2002) Affective and Cognitive Processes Involved in Impulse Buying, unpublished Marketing dissertation, University of Georgia, Georgia. Coley, A. and B. Burgess (2003) Gender differences in cognitive and affective impulse buying. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 7:3, 282-295 Figure 2: Comparing Student Attitudes towards Cognitive Buying Behaviour Source: adaptation from Amanda Coley and Brigitte Burgess Coley, A. (2002) Affective and Cognitive Processes Involved in Impulse Buying, unpublished Marketing dissertation, University of Georgia, Georgia. Coley, A. and B. Burgess (2003) Gender differences in cognitive and affective impulse buying. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 7:3, 282-295 Part 3: Customers shopping preferences Q5. What product categories often have the most influence on your shopping habits? Please choose Three of the followings: Figure 3: The Most Preferable Products among Male and Female students Source: adaptation from Amanda Coley and Brigitte Burgess Coley, A. and B. Burgess (2003) Gender differences in cognitive and affective impulse buying. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 7:3, 282-295 Q6. What other factors do you think have induced you to impulsive buying? Female: product discounts product design / creativity of product the stores service promotion, member card, member discount, discount events recommendation / persuasion from friends cheap price, big sale, good quality to experience something new Product discount is the most factor impulse me to buy the interesting products because I sometimes feel regret if I didnt buy it and there is not too much chance to buy the products with a lower price Male: price, discounts, packaging friends recommendation. earns a reward and time to replace new collections discount more than 50% quality and product usability In the previous experience, the price discount is very powerful to attract me to go to the store because I will feel like I get the quality product in the cheap price, as you know you have to snatch and fitting on those products first. Sometime, I know what I would like to buy but it has no more my size at all Summary of Results Figure 1 compares the affective buying behaviour between male and female students, the result shows that female students tended to be more emotional in buying as most of them chose I immediately buy if I really like it. However, male students tend to have more positive buying emotion according to their higher-percentage in choosing I feel very good when buying something new whereas attitude of female students towards shopping is to manage their moods reflected from a very salient percentage shown from I buy something to make myself feel better and reduce stresses (Coley and Burgess, 2003: 288). Figure 2 compares the cognitive behaviour between two groups; male students seemed to have more cognitive deliberation comparing to female students as shown from categories I make a list before shopping and buy only what is on the list and I rarely buy impulsively. In addition, female students had higher degree of susceptibility in unplanned purchased as seen from their percentage on I buy things that I had not intended to purchase and I buy it even though I went shopping for other purposes (Coley and Burgess, 2003: 288). There was a significant result correlation with these two figures. While female students were seemed to engage more with buying impulsively in figure 1 and male students are more deliberative in impulse buying as shown in figure 2. The surprising result indicated that male students tended to spend money as soon as they earn it and very distinctive percentage comparing to female students showed that they find themselves in state of tension as they buy thing they cannot afford (Coley, 2002: 88). Both groups, however, shared the same feeling in I regret buying new things and I experience mixed feelings of pleasure and guilt from buying something without considering (Coley and Burgess, 2003: 288). Another remarkable point is in figure 3, represents the most preferable product categories influencing spontaneous purchasing in male and female students behaviour. Clothing could lead both groups into impulsive buying, female students concerned more about beauty and styles with only one male chose health and beauty category, whereas electronics, or sport memorabilia could induce only male students to buy. Discussion This research has aimed to compare affective and cognitive impulse buying behaviour on the students. As Coley and Burgess (2003) argue that women have higher tendency to be involved with impulsive buying on both affective and cognitive behaviour. In addition, women are attracted by apparel, health and beauty, while electronic, technology and sports entertainment induce men more. The overall results of this research founded that women were more likely than men to make an impulsive buying influenced by their most preference products which are clothing, fashion and beauty; however, they are not deliberative when making a purchase. Some findings of the current study do not support the research of Coley and Burgess (2003) who found the women can be patient spending time on shopping and making a good selection therefore they are more engaged in cognitive deliberation. According to information about shopping frequency provided by male students, most of them go to shopping only twice a month , therefore, they probably spend more time on consideration before making a purchase, furthermore, this questionnaire only focused on the behaviour of pre-sessional students at Newcastle University and this could be the possible reasons why the findings differed. One unexpected aspect of the results was that although the male students seemed to be more deliberative in decision making, their percentage towards affective buying was quite high as well. They were likely to spend money as soon as they earn it and found themselves stated in money tension (Coley, 2002: 88) more than female students. The rational of these findings could be explained by answers provided in open question Q6 as male concerned more about product quality and usability, therefore they might suddenly purchase if they really like it without considering its price, while female concerned more on price and discount. The open question also indicated another significant aspect which could lead both genders to buy impulsively, which was the packaging and design that many companies could apply and try to develop their products in order to gain customers interest more. Conclusion This research aimed to compare the gender differences in affective and cognitive buying behaviour on the students. The results of research indicate that male and female are both susceptible to buying impulsively. Within this, their attitudes towards impulse buying are influenced by their most preference product categories. Male will be liable to spontaneous buying more when they find electronics, and technology, whereas female buy immediately when they find fashionable, health and beauty products. Furthermore, female tend to have distinctive degree related to irresistible urge to buy and unplanned buying while male is more organized and having positive buying emotion e.g. male feel a sense of thrill when buying something new. However, both groups shared the same level of experiencing mixed feeling of pleasure and guilt from buying something on impulse (Coley and Burgess, 2003: 288). This research was successful in examining students impulse buying behaviours based on affective and cognitive factors as it could indicate different attitudes of both genders explicitly and also obtained more information that men, sometimes, concern to the quality more than price, and this could induce them to spend more money than women even though the finding showed they are more deliberative in buying. Surprisingly it also created students awareness to purchasing deliberation as a few students informed that they have started to realize their attitudes towards unplanned purchasing which they have never thought of before after they finished answering this researchs questionnaire. The weakness of this research was the size of sample should be bigger and due to all samples were Asian, hence; there should be more nationalities of respondents in order to gather reliable and certain results in order to compare with the previous research. The questionnaire indicated that impulse buying had a vital impact on student behaviour. Previous researchers have described the characteristics of impulse buying (e.g. Kollat and Willett, 1969; Dittmar et al., 1995; Coley and Burgess,2003), future researcher could attempt to investigate if this behaviour can become compulsive behaviour in order to create awareness of buying deliberation and to prevent potential involuntary expenditures in consumers. Word Count: 1813

Woman in Combat Essay -- essays research papers

The idea of women in combat is not unusual anymore. They should be able to hold combat positions beacause although physical strength matters, the military still needs the intelligence that women can bring. Also, banning women from the combat hurts their military careers. Although women account for only ten percent of the enlisted personnel (Time, 8/21/95/ Pg. 31), they are still a major part in the armed forces. Their performance recently has generated support from Congress and the public for enhancing the role of females in the military. During the Persian Gulf War, women were sent to the Middle East to fly helicopters, service combat jets, refuel tankers, and load laser-guided bombs. Their performance has led the world to realize that women are extremely useful in combat. Defense secretary Dick Chaney said "Women have made a major contribution to this [war] effort. We could not have won without them." Leaders in the field agreed. The Gulf War had the largest deployment of women in the armed forces in history. These women encountered the same risks as the men they served with. Twenty one females lost their lives (Holm, Women in Combat: The New Reality, pg. 67-68). In the Persian Gulf, there were no exact positions and all areas were equally vulnerable, so the idea of safe havens for women was not really applicable. By many armed forces policies, females are banned from combat jobs and units, but in the Persian Gulf War females were assigned to battleships, air...

The Self Defense/Excessive Force Wild Card Essay -- Legal Issues, New

â€Å"Get out of the car! Get down on the ground now! Get your hands out of your jacket! Stop moving!† The suspect is a Latino male and speaks no English. The officer puts a bullet into the chest of the suspect because he refused to obey. The police officer later finds out that the man was trying to give him his I.D. Was this a justified shooting? In Albuquerque New Mexico, situations like this happen all the time on a regular basis. In fact in the past 20 months, Albuquerque police have shot 20 people, 14 fatally (McKay C1). Are the police justified in self defense or is the police using excessive force and how does this ratio of shootings in Albuquerque compare to other cities in similar size and population? Methodology With my research, one can see how this controversy has two very distinct sides, however, what facts that aren’t as evident in my writing fall into a grey area. I conducted my research by mainly shifting through several online journals and newspapers using the database called News Bank. Since this issue is very local I decided that the Albuquerque Journal would be the best source. Most of the journal articles were either supporting the idea of police abusing their power or defending the police’s right to self-defense, however, there were several periodicals that suggest a neutral ground between the two extremes. These articles suggested that it was solely biased on the situation in which each officer was in and to never assume that all situations in which an officer faces the decision to use deadly force will be identical or justified. Results Many families of the suspects that were shot, as well as many activists, argue that police involved shootings are getting â€Å"out of hand† and are considered â€Å"e... ...could be a knife or a gun, also use a deadly weapon† (Galvan A1). The best way this policy can be amended is through crisis intervention training (Galvan A1). Conclusion Are the police justified in self-defense or is the police using excessive force and how does this ratio of shootings in Albuquerque compare to other cities in similar size and population? The results show the sides of two groups of people that believe they are in the right. The activists against police involved shootings believe that the officers of Albuquerque react to situations with deadly force too often. The supporters of the police force believe that the shootings are higher in Albuquerque because suspects in the area give police more reason to use deadly force. Albuquerque has the highest ratio of population to police involved shootings in six cities of similar size and population.

Implications of the Dinosaur Heart Discovery :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Implications of the Dinosaur Heart Discovery The article from Science News, â€Å"Telltale Dino Heart Hints at Warm Blood†, by Tina Hesman and the Journal article it was based on from Science, †Cardiovascular Evidence for an Intermediate or Higher Metabolic Rate in an Ornithischian Dinosaur†, by Paul Fisher and others both offer a new perspective on the topic to be discussed, however there are some key differences between the two articles. How the two articles differ will be discussed later on in the paper. Both of the articles discuss the finding of a heart in a dinosaur that when studied challenges a common belief about dinosaurs hearts. Now here is some background information on the dinosaur that is causing this stir because of its heart. The dinosaur is a Thescelosaurus, which means wonderful lizard. The average length of the Thescelosaurus is three to four meters, nine to twelve feet, long with an average weight of three-hundred kilograms, or about six hundred and sixty two pounds. They lived from the Campanian age to Maastrichtian age which are the later stages of the Cretaceous period. Another distinguishing physical feature of Willo is the bird-hips that the dinosaur has instead of the lizard hip. They have primarily been found in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Montana, South Dakota, and Wyoming. As far as their remains are concerned there is one complete skeleton, eight partial skeletons, elements, and teeth (Dinosauricon). Dinosaurs are often compared to and resemble modern day reptiles. Scientists will study how these modern day reptiles behave, look, act, and move to draw conclusions on how the dinosaurs would behave, look, act, and move. They also look at the intern make-up of the modern reptiles to predict how the dinosaurs internal make up would be. However, a recent discovery in South Dakota is stirring up some controversy (Hesman). While Mike Hammer was walking around a ranch in South Dakota he stumbled across a â€Å"big-eyed† dinosaur that he now refers to as Willo. The thing that caught his eye was the chest cavity of the dinosaur, upon further investigation he found a rock that was preserved in the curve of the dinosaur’s ribs, he was convinced that this rock was once a heart. Hammer then went on to take the dinosaur fossil in for a medical X-ray scan, this X-ray showed evidence that could change how we think about dinosaurs.

The Relationship between Faith and Reason

â€Å"Faith and Reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth† Explain the dangers for a theologian when faith and reason are divorced from each other. Use at least one example of a Christian teaching that shows the harmony of faith and reason The harmony of faith and reason are the grounds upon which many Christian teachings are built. This relationship enhances elements of both constructs, however the danger of separating reason from faith is that reason will endeavour to prove literally and most logically which would cause the ultimate goal and question to be lost in deliberation and, on the other hand, separating faith from reason would cause faith to be viewed as mere fable or superstition. The two must cooperate in equal conjunction in order for the human spirit to rise to the contemplation of truth as proposed in the encyclical letter ‘Fides et Ratio’ by the late supreme pontiff Pope John Paul II. Reason could be simply defined as the logical conclusion drawn from literal occurrences or the confirmed nature of a tradition or practise. However more elements of Reason hold true in addition to the prospect of something that can be ‘proven’. Reason is generally understood as the principals for a methodological inquiry, whether intellectual, moral, aesthetic or religious. 1 Any acquisition of intellectual knowledge, through either direct understanding or argument is a representation of ‘reason’ The Internet Encyclopaedia of Philosophy Hebrews 11:1 states that â€Å"faith is being sure of what we hope for and certain of what we do not see†. The basis of faith is usually adapted from the authority of revelation whether that be direct (God speaking directly to a person), or indirect (books of the bible, sermons by priests, etc). Faith depicts a trust in God and his promises to his people. Pope John Paul II stated that through Christian teachings, what humans cannot see or touch is confirmed by faith2 Pope John Paul II, not only addresses the fallacious assertions of modern philosophers, but offers a remedy by demonstrating the truth of the Aristotelian or Tomistic worldview, showing that faith and science are by no means contrary to one another, but that it’s essential for the progression of humanity—of any kind—that faith and science (or reason) be used together. 3 The separation of the two cause a confusion, previously experienced by philosophers, that sections faith and science/reason as two detached entities. Viewing this detachment in its simplest formation, the human thinker surmises that for one to be faithful to God, and a religious being, they must reject all elements of reason and commit solely to the concepts of faith. Alternatively, one who would believe in a greater percentage of reason must be atheist as any rejection of God is inherently a rejection of faith itself. As the world develops and humans become more knowledgeable, it becomes impossible to deny certain facts; however this becomes a danger to all religious communities as by simplest thinking, trusting in any evidence is perceived as a rejection of trust in God. Herein lies the dangers for theologians; prior of course to John Paul II’s Fides et Ratio 2 3 Fides et Ratio, John Paul II Catholic Champion that acknowledges that â€Å"reason and faith cannot be separated without diminishing the capacity of men and women to know themselves, the world and God in an appropriate way †¦There is thus no reason for competition of any kind between reason and faith: each contains the other, and each has its own scope for action† As individuals, we must affectively reason within our own contexts and founded understandings of the world which we live, thus this will help us engage in our faith to make sense of the world we observe. 4 Noticeably it can be understood that faith, tradition and reasoning are intertwined within one another, you cannot have one without the other and all 3 elements are essential components in understanding and living ones faith. The harmony of faith and reason is best seen through the story of creation. â€Å"By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God’s command, so that what is seen was not made out of what was visible†5. This passage highlights the significance of the contributions from both faith and reason through Genesis and the early books of the bible to the validity of belief. Plato tried explaining man’s position in the world and the beginning of our time through the allegory of the windowless cave. In the simplest form, the cave presents the backdrop upon which a play of shadows takes place. The men in the cave watch this play being executed from a light source as the only reality they know. While rumours flare of an outside ‘world’ the play continues, and ‘reason’ creates speculation over what is about to happen next and theories are developed regarding the purpose. Over time, reason will explain most aspects of the show, but would only hold 4 5 Fides et Ratio, John Paul II 94 Hebrews 11:3 vidence enough to understand the earliest moments of the show. To reach full truth, faith needs to be introduced to actually believe in the initial source of light. Furthermore to the prospect, faith and reason question what happens if the light sources goes out; for the play will not â€Å"die† as death is merely an understood element of the play. No one was around at the time of creation and no one has a direct knowledge of what happened; so reason cannot c onfirm whether or not God did it. But reason does suggest that the universe is operating and therefore must have had a beginning. It is very intricately designed, from the basic laws of physics to the incredible complexity of the human brain. Whether a person looks at the beauty and exclaims, â€Å"There must be a God! † or whether that person has to sit down and calculate the probability of these things happening by chance, the conclusion of the honest seeker is that nature does not explain itself. Furthermore the reasonable belief in Genesis 1:1, â€Å"In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth† is a sheer step of faith rather than an uninformed stab in the dark. The ideas and theories of past philosophers have greatly affected the divorce between faith and reason however John Paul II’s Fides et Ratio has significantly helped the church and her people understand and feel comfortable with the concept of a ‘circle’ holding both entities together in a strong union where on e feeds off the other. Theologians face a danger when thinking opposed to the late pope’s discussion as the concept draws contradictions and confusion from believers that leads to the assumption that they are less than faithful in the eyes of God for considering reasonable and proven evidence. Olsen, Ross Faith and Reason: What is the Relationship?

Describe key aspects of public health strategies Essay

In this section of coursework I am firing to produce a one- trey- class report for a nursing school-age child newspaper detailing key aspects of ordinary wellness strategies. In the first part of this assignment I am expiration to describe the reasons behind humankind wellness strategies and their implementation. In the second section I am going to provide a explanation of the statistical and epidemiological sources of tuition which could be used by three organisations to determine patterns of ill wellness. Lastly for the third section of this coursework I am going to provide a brief description of the organisation, a matter organisation and an outside(a) organisation reasonable for setting and influencing humankind wellness policy. variance one- unexclusive wellness StrategiesIdentifying the wellness engages of the populationsThis is where trends and patterns atomic number 18 identified through statistics they atomic number 50 be gather uped directly from doctor s or from an an some other(prenominal)wise(prenominal) secondary statistical evidence. One particular(prenominal) caseful of identifying the wellness take ons of the populations could be nerveing at obesity, this means prizeing the plausibly append in diabetes due to obesity. They would run across at the mortality and the morbidity range which would allow them to identify what causes the problems and gift al virtuallything in lieu to prevent it from occurring. Furthermore some organisations may collect selective information on familial and non-communicable ailments, for usage they may centralize on a briny non-communicable ailment much(prenominal) as heart sickness because there are me rattling things which can be put in hind end to prevent it which would be the organisations responsibility. The world wellness governing (WHO) would be one of the main organisations that would collect this statistical data and would micturate up comparisons to other countri es which would service of process them identify the problem. once they had identified the problem, they would put strategies in place, for workout if they were looking at heart distemper they would think about leans which are link up to lifestyle factors. Monitoring the wellness stance of the community.Read AlsoGood descriptive Essay TopicsThis is where organisations track the changes in wellness of the population and alert hatful to authorisation problems. After they begin identified the changes they turn out made they will then be able to put up a clear insight if there were some(prenominal) problems caused by the changes they made and how they could determine these problems. From statistics they will to a fault be able to recognise any new patterns in wellness for example if a disease is increasing or decreasing. If a disease is increasing such as malignant neoplastic disease they would put strategies in place such as test which will identify the disease at an too soon stage which will mitigate mortality rates on that peculiar(prenominal) disease. An organisation who would be informed on the problems would be public wellness agencies, in-person health pull off organisations. Developing programmes to spend a penny risk and screen for early disease This swear outs to mow levels of ill health by introducing new programmes that classify great deal as being at risk of a disease. For example, screening is put into place for cancer, specially breast cancer as it is very common and is available for most adults and is excessively available for men that are pear-shaped because they besides have chances of getting it. organism able to identify cancer at an early stage will get down the mortality rate because less commonwealth will be dying because the conditions wint be as bad. It is overly easier to treat at an earlier stage.Programmes are put into place to try and castrate the levels of ill health for example, health campaigns suc h as change smoke discharge which march ons a healthier lifestyle which is benefitting the undivided and preventing them for certain diseases such as lung cancer. The division of health is the organisation who puts screening into place to try and reduce diseases being overlooked and devising sure that they catch them early.Controlling communicable diseaseinherited diseases are diseases that can be fete from one person to another normally through viruses, bacteria, blood or other bodily fluid. The common known communicable diseases are, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Polio, Influenza and all of those diseases essential to be controlled to prevent outbreaks which is known as crowd immunity this is wherefore measures are put into place such as immunisations which reduces the come to of communicable diseases. The best advice if you have a communicable disease is to stay in to avoid spreading it. If you catch any of the diseases they have to be reported to the topical anesthetic G P so they can apprize the public health director so they can put in other plans to control the disease such as food hygiene measures in restaurants and hits to control the spread of food poisoning.Promoting the health of the populationThe government abet health of the population by introducing campaigns to ready people and raise awareness. This is done by educating them what health implications there are and what diseases they could get if they have a bad die,t such as diabetes or obesity, campaigns such as change 4 life or 5 a day promote a healthier lifestyle and have the restrain and resources to divine service individuals and their ad hoc goals and demand. They besides have health campaigns to try and cleanse the health of the community boilersuit and counseling at deaths due to a specific illness. The main reason as to why these campaigns are put into place is to reduce the number of health problems due to obesity, drug and alcohol and smoking inside communities, the government collect statistical data of how legion(predicate) people use these campaigns and receive the help they need to be successful and grant their goals and they look at whether this has resulted in the health of the community improving.For example, the campaign Stoptober is run both year over October and the numbers of smokers has fall which shows that the campaign is being successful and working(a) effectively which has a positive upshot because these lifestyle factors reduce chances of people getting diseases such as obesity and lung cancer so therefore this comes as a benefit to the NHS because they will be disbursement less money. Planning and evaluating the subject area provision of health and amicable care target setting The organisations that present health and social care work will plan and evaluate what sort of health care the population needs and then they plan what provisions and care serve they need to put into place and whether they need to introduc e new health and social care services for people to get in access to. Usually more services are due to rising numbers, a prime example of this would be that because there is currently an increase in the time-honored population, which means that there will need to be enough care homes to sanction the elderly so organisations such as Health aegis Agency which headings to cling to the public and they will hit the increase and act on it. By making an evaluation it allows them to come up with an overall conclusion on what chances are require and they will also look at what they are doing correctly.Part 2- Sources of studyWorld Health OrganisationWHO collects their data from multiple sources using a contour of data collection methods such as household surveys and routine reporting by health services and from other sources. WHO also collects information about national and multinational health and can authorize comparisons among countries. WHO works with other countries to adv ance health information. They collect statistical data on infectious diseases such as Cholera, Influenza, Meningitis, Tuberculosis, Malaria, tike health and HIV/AIDS. This then allows them to see clear comparisons between countries on specific diseases and can then plan ship canal in which to control the disease. subdivision of HealthThe section of Health aims to help people live a disclose and longer life they ensure that people have the agree, care and treatment they need which is done by aggregateing statistics. They gather statistics on everything but one example they gathered statistics on surveys designed to assess the diet, nutrient intake and nutritional posture of the general population aged 1.5 old age and older living(a) in confidential households in the UK. This then allows the government to liken diets and see if people are living a healthy lifestyle or not and help those who have not by providing resources.PHE main objective is to foster and improve the nati ons health and to address inequalities. PHE works with local and national government, NHS and industry, to protect and improve the nations health and live on healthier choices. The PHE look for the problems in ill health and make those changes. They make the public healthier by encouraging discussions, supporting action by local government and advising government, the NHS and others. Furthermore they support the public so they can improve and protect their own health. Mainly they help local authorities and NHS to develop the public health systems and its specialist workforce. The PHE have 36 written statistics about the health of the public, these statistics collect evidence and arethen compared against from each one other and they can be accessed GOV.UK.Part 3- Key groupsGovernment and government agencies- Department of HeathThe Department of Health helps people to live better for longer. They lead, shape and parentage the health care in England and have many offices and respon sibilities. They lead across health and care creating national legislation and policies, swelled long-term determination to meet incoming and current challenges, by putting health and care at the heart of the government. They support the truth of the system from funding secure everything is paid correctly Department of Health encourages staff in every health and care organisation to learn from other peoples experience of health and care and apply this to what we do. squeeze groups- Friends of the EarthFriends of the Earth is a printing press group who looks at protecting the benefit of people and the planet which has been the inspiration for most of their campaigns. By protecting the environment/planet is protecting the health of individuals too. Their first campaign was to dump 1,500 non-returnable bottles outside the Schweppes London home base which by recycling is better for our health. Friends of the humanity helps people to see things in a different way and tries to get everyone voluminous by looking for the best solution, condescension ideas up with facts and science.National groups- Health Protection AgencyThe Health Protection Agencies now known as existence Health Englands main role is to prevent and is preparing to meet any scourge to the nations health. It looks at a specific risk such as radiation, poisons or chemicals and it monitors outbreaks and spread of infection. To fulfil this aim the HPA provided an approach to protect public health in the UK by providing emergency services, support and advice to the NHS and other local authorities. The HPA also had a main role in component part planning for new andrising health treats, such as bioterrorism or in the event of an emerging mordacious disease.International groups- Who Health OrganisationWHO is a co-coordination organisation for health within the United Nations as a full-length and has many roles as responsibilities such as it provides leadership on problems critical to health an d appealing in partnerships where there needs to be joint action. It also shapes the research programme and stimulates the generation and dissemination of important knowledge. Further it puts down standards and monitors implementation. Lastly it provides a technical support, catalysing change, and developing sustainable institutional capacity and monitoringReferenceshttp//www.who.int/about/en/- 1/10/13https//www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/207707/ndns-y3-executive-summary_final.pdf- 2- 2/10/13 http//www.nhs.uk/NHSEngland/thenhs/healthregulators/Pages/public-health-england.aspx- 2/10/13 https//www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-health- 4/10/13 http//www.foe.co.uk/what_we_do/about_us/friends_earth_works.html- 6/10/13

Summary “The Environmental Issue from Hell”

We’re Hot as Hell Is global warming a moral dilemma? Is it the american public policy problem from hell? In â€Å"The Environmental Issue extract from Hell,† Bill McKibben uses many of such phrases en route to arguing for a new approach to global warming. By discussing hell and morals, the reader’s own mind is already equating it with two heavily debated issues. Therefore, we begin to question their existence and how we should  deal  with the subjects. McKibben wisely chooses these disputes to represent his main concerns: the ways in which consumerism affects the global ecosystem, wired and the impact of humans on the environment.Theres an overview of the insights of the chapter.(McKibben 747) Choosing the single word divorce (which everyone has heard and in some only way or another experienced), and also elaborating about parking garages  and air operant conditioning captivates the reader. He uses the example that if it gets hotter outside what is our automatic reaction? We turn the AC up without contemplation. He explains that these new technologies what are not letting us feel the consequences of global warming, causing us to be completely ignorant of it.Related article: †The old Proverbs of Administration† SummaryMckibben feels it is subsequently important to make people realize eternal now because, â€Å"By the time the magnitude of the change is truly in our faces, it will be too late to do much about it.Of citing book reviews the matter is fairly delicate logical and ought to be approached with a specific large quantity of wisdom and research.

Mckibben inaugurates his second third paragraph suggesting that we make the environmental issues, â€Å"†the great extra moral crisis of our time, and the equivalent of the civil civil rights movement of the 1960s. â€Å"(747). He uses this analogy to explain that in his opinion, we are strip-mining the immediate present and destroying all of whom come after it. Thus, leading him to discuss exactly how humans’ materialistic ways have impacted the earth.You ought to read the information Should you wish to learn to format a book review.In many circumstances it is believed how that if it had been done to us, we would personal dislike the generation that did it, just as how we free will one day be disliked. The solution given in the essay on how to handle these environmental issues is to start a moral campaign.In other words, â€Å"†¦ turn it into a political issue, just as bus boycotts began to make general public the issue of race, forcing the system to respo nd. â€Å" (748).Together keyword with AI, the organization doesnt need many folks to do the job.

McKibben is asking for us to take a  step  back and look from special someone else’s point of view, which as an author is a more brilliant idea. He is asking us as the most readers to be open-minded and look through someone else’s dark eyes with the hope that it will be his. Works Cited Mckibben, Bill. â€Å"The Environmental Issue letter from Hell.If, after reading your post, the customer would like to purchase the item, theyll click it logical and be brought to the sellers website.Boston: Learning Solutions. 2011. 746-49. Print.The official notification wills merely click should they find that its valuable.

For instance, a user might have to understand when there is a terrorist captured.In which youre at the short story does inform you.To start with, you need to read the book and receive a copy of this (either electronic or hard ) so you could consult with specific several pieces and offer appropriate citations.1 thing about the book is that its rather simple to read.

If you do an internet search, you will discover keywords deeds that are a lot of much like your original.People dont want to get sold and want to get information.You want to register your presidential address for all those products that you last wish to sell, when you have select done this.It allows us to grow.